Protocols and Xcrisp: Difference between pages

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== '''''Books for Xenopus Research and Protocols''''' ==
*'''Normal Table of Xenopus Laevis (Daudin)''', Nieuwkoop and Faber (Third edition), 1994 [http://www.xenbase.org/literature/book.do?method=display&bookId=1]
**a systematic and chronological description of Xenopus laevis development
*'''Early Development of Xenopus laevis: A Laboratory Manual''', Sive, Grainger, and Harland, 2000 [http://www.xenbase.org/literature/book.do?method=display&bookId=22]
**comprehensive collection of protocols for the study of early development in Xenopus embryos
*'''The Laboratory Xenopus sp.''', Green, 2010 [http://www.xenbase.org/literature/book.do?method=display&bookId=222]
**a highly detailed manual containing Xenopus husbandry, management, veterinary care, and frog and equipment vendor information
*'''Xenopus Protocols: Cell Biology and Signal Transduction''', Liu (First edition), 2006 [http://www.xenbase.org/literature/book.do?method=display&bookId=206]
**step-by-step laboratory instructions, an introduction outlining the principles behind the technique, lists of the necessary equipment and reagents
*'''Xenopus laevis: Practical Uses in Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 36''', Kay and Peng, 1991 [http://www.xenbase.org/literature/book.do?method=display&bookId=204]
**detailed description of a wide range of uses for Xenopus laevis oocytes and embryos in cell and molecular biology
*'''Transgenic Xenopus: Microinjection Methods and Developmental Neurobiology''', Seidman and Soreq, 1997 [http://www.xenbase.org/literature/book.do?method=display&bookId=203]
**referenced guide to the use of microinjected embryos studying the role and regulation of nervous system proteins during development
*'''Atlas of Xenopus Development''', Bernardini, Prati, Bonetti, and Scari, 1999 [http://www.xenbase.org/literature/book.do?method=display&bookId=202]
**scanning, transmission, and light microscopy images of Xenopus embryonic development
*'''The early development of Xenopus laevis. An atlas of the histology''', Hausen and Riebesell, 1991 [http://www.xenbase.org/literature/book.do?method=display&bookId=124]
**detailed histological sections of Xenopus embryonic development
*'''Color Atlas of Xenopus laevis Histology''', Wiechmann and Wirsig-Wiechmann, 2003 [http://www.xenbase.org/literature/book.do?method=display&bookId=82]
**central source on the microscopic anatomy of cells, tissues, and major organs of Xenopus laevis
 
 
== '''''Select Protocol Sections''''' ==
 
=== '''''Animal Husbandry''''' ===
*obtain frogs and frog housing equipment [http://www.xenbase.org/other/obtain.do]
*Xenopus Express links [http://www.xenopus.com/links.htm] - Xenopus Express husbandry [http://www.xenopus.com/husbandry.htm]
*[[Xenopus tropicalis and Xenopus laevis environmental parameter standard operating procedure (Kroll lab)]]
 
 
=== '''''[[Lab Solutions and Reagents]]''''' (click each to view expanded list) ===
*[[culture media]]
*[[immunohistochemistry]]
*[[in situ hybridization]]
*[[fixatives]]
*[[DNA/RNA preparation]]
*[[embryo manipulation/dissection]]
*[[microinjection]]
*[[general buffers and salt solutions]]
 
 
=== '''''Generating Embryos''''' ===
*[[inducing egg laying via hCG injection (Vize lab)]]
*[[anesthesia, in vitro fertilization, and natural mating of Xenopus tropicalis (Conlon lab)]]
*[[benzocaine stock, 100x (Khokha lab)]]
*[[in vitro fertilization of Xenopus laevis (Conlon lab)]]
*[[high-salt solution for egg laying (Zorn lab/Ron Laskey)]]
*[[dejellying embryos (Sive et al. 2000)]]
*[[dejellying embryos (Zorn lab)]]
 
 
=== '''''Transgenesis''''' ===
*[[transgenesis in Xenopus laevis - adapted from Amaya et al 2001 (Conlon lab)]]
*[[tadpole tail sampling for genomic DNA (Conlon lab)]]
*''Production of transgenic Xenopus laevis by restriction enzyme mediated integration and nuclear transplantation.'' Amaya E, Kroll K.  J Vis Exp. 2010 Aug 21;(42). [http://www.jove.com/video/2010/production-of-transgenic-xenopus-laevis-by-restriction-enzyme-mediated-integration-and-nuclear-transplantation]
*''A method for generating transgenic frog embryos.'' Ishibashi S, Kroll KL, Amaya E.  Methods Mol Biol. 2008;461:447-66.  [http://www.springerlink.com/content/vn5v1470g87620t1/#section=96225&page=1]
*''A method for generating transgenic frog embryos.'' Amaya E, Kroll KL.  Methods Mol Biol. 1999;97:393-414. [http://www.springerlink.com/content/vn5v1470g87620t1/#section=96225&page=1]
 
 
=== '''''In Situ Hybridization''''' ===
*[[in situ hybridization, brief version (Harland lab)]]
*[[whole-mount in situ hybridization (Conlon lab)]]
**[[in situ checklist (Conlon lab)]]
*[[fluorescent in-situs and FCIS (Vize lab)]]
**[[Wholemount embryo FISH / Double FISH]]
**[[Flourescin Tyramide Synthesis]]
**[[Cy3 Tyramide Synthesis]]
**[[FCIS]]
 
 
=== '''''Immunohisochemistry''''' ===
*[[wholemount antibody staining (CSH Protocols) (Wallingford lab)]]
*[[wholemount antibody staining - alkaline phosphatase detection (Conlon lab)]]
*[[wholemount antibody staining - adapted from Dan Weeks' protocol (Conlon lab)]]
*[[immunostaining sectioned embryos (Conlon lab)]]
*[[hydrochloric acid antigen retrieval (Zorn lab)]]
 
 
=== '''''Histology''''' ===
*[[cryosectioning Xenopus embryos (Conlon lab)]]
 
 
=== '''''Other Embryo Staining Protocols''''' ===
*[[benzidine-peroxidase staining for blood (Conlon lab)]]
*[[benzidine-peroxidase staining for blood (Thomsen lab)]]
*[[apoptosis via TUNEL (Veenstra lab)]]
*[[TUNEL staining of whole Xenopus embryos - Harland protocol (Conlon lab)]]
 
 
=== '''''Other Immuno Protocols and Protein Protocols''''' ===
*[[immunoprecipitation (Stukenberg lab)]]
*[[immunofluorescence with biotinylated antibodies (Stukenberg lab)]]
*Purifying Polyclonal Antibodies using Affinity Columns/Chromatography
*[[Making an Affinity Column]]
*[[Running an Affinity Column]]
*[[whole embryo protein extraction with freon (Conlon lab)]]
*[[SDS-PAGE gels (Conlon lab)]]
*[[western blot protocol (Conlon lab)]]
*[[silver staining protein gels (Stukenberg lab)]]
 
 
=== '''''Nucleic Acid Protocols''''' ===
*RNA Isolation
**[[Preparation of RNA Using Proteinase K/LiCl (Sive et al. 2000)]]
**[[Preparation of RNA (In Vitro Transcription) (Sive et al. 2000)]]
*DNA Isolation
**[[Extraction of DNA from Single Embryos (Sive et al. 2000)]]
**[[Isolation of DNA from Red Blood Cells (Sive et al. 2000)]]
 
 
 
=== '''''[[Oocyte Transfer Technique (Heasman/Wylie labs)]]''''' ===
*[[Part 1: Choosing Oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs)]]
*[[Part 2: ODN Modification]]
*[[Part 3: Host Transfer Technique]]
*[[Part 4: Fertilization and Development]]
 
 
=== '''''Xenopus Oocyte and Egg Extracts''''' ===
*[[crude interphase egg extract (Shechter lab)]]
*[[isolation of chromatin from egg extract and histone recovery (Shechter lab)]]
*[[preparation of cycling egg extract (Shechter lab)]]
*[[cycling extracts, mike's protocol (Stukenberg lab)]]
*[[cycling extracts, sara's protocol (Stukenberg lab)]]
*[[CSF extract, mike's protocol (Stukenberg lab)]]
*[[CSF extract, sara's protocol (Stukenberg lab)]]
*[[assaying H1 kinase in extracts (Stukenberg lab)]]
 
 
=== '''''Xenopus Tissue Culture''''' ===
*[[tissue culture of Xenopus cell lines S3, XTC (Stukenberg lab)]]
*[[isolation of mitotic chromosomes from XTC cells (Stukenberg lab)]]
*[[in-vitro kinetochore-microtubule binding assays (Stukenberg lab)]]
 
 
== '''''Online Xenopus Resources''''' ==
 
=== '''External links to the Journal of Visualized Experiments (JOVE) - Xenopus embryo''' [http://www.jove.com/keyword/xenopus+embryo] - excellent video demonstrations ===
**Obtaining Eggs from Xenopus laevis Females - Cross & Powers [http://www.jove.com/video/890/obtaining-eggs-from-xenopus-laevis-females]
**Microinjection of Xenopus Laevis Oocytes - Cohen et al. - [http://www.jove.com/video/1106/microinjection-of-xenopus-laevis-oocytes]
**Fertilization of Xenopus oocytes, Host Transfer Method - Schneider et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/1864/fertilization-of-xenopus-oocytes-using-the-host-transfer-method]
**Tissue Determination Using Animal Cap Transplant (ACT) Assay in X. laevis - Viczian & Zuber [http://www.jove.com/video/1932/tissue-determination-using-animal-cap-transplant-act-assay-xenopus]
**Blastomere Explants to Test for Cell Fate Commitment - Grant et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/4458/blastomere-explants-to-test-for-cell-fate-commitment-during-embryonic]
**Transgenic Xenopus laevis by Restriction Enzyme Mediated Integration and Nuclear Transplantation - Amaya & Kroll [http://www.jove.com/video/2010/production-transgenic-xenopus-laevis-restriction-enzyme-mediated]
**Organizer and Animal Pole Explants from X. laevis Embryos and Cell Adhesion Assay - Ogata & Cho [http://www.jove.com/video/187/dissection-organizer-animal-pole-explants-from-xenopus-laevis-embryos]
**Plastic Embedding and Sectioning of X. laevis Embryos - Ogata1 et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/188/plastic-embedding-and-sectioning-of-xenopus-laevis-embryos]
**Visualizing RNA Localization in Xenopus Oocytes - Gagnon & Mowry [http://www.jove.com/video/1704/visualizing-rna-localization-in-xenopus-oocytes]
**Neural Explant Cultures from Xenopus laevis - Lowery et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/4232/neural-explant-cultures-from-xenopus-laevis]
**Translocation of Fluorescent Proteins in Xenopus Ectoderm in Response to Wnt Signaling - Itoh & Sokol [http://www.jove.com/video/2700/polarized-translocation-fluorescent-proteins-xenopus-ectoderm]
**Dissection, Culture, and Analysis of X. laevis Embryonic Retinal Tissue - McDonough et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/4377/dissection-culture-analysis-xenopus-laevis-embryonic-retinal]
**X. tropicalis Egg Extracts to Identify Microtubule-associated RNAs - Sharp & Blower [http://www.jove.com/video/50434/production-xenopus-tropicalis-egg-extracts-to-identify-microtubule]
**Electroporation of Craniofacial Mesenchyme - Tabler & Liu [http://www.jove.com/video/3381/electroporation-of-craniofacial-mesenchyme]
**Electrophysiological Recording from Xenopus Nerve-muscle Co-cultures - Yazejian et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/50253/simultaneous-pre-post-synaptic-electrophysiological-recording-from]
**Single Cell Electroporation in vivo within the Intact Developing Brain - Hewapathirane & Haas - [http://www.jove.com/video/705/single-cell-electroporation-in-vivo-within-the-intact-developing-brain]
**Live-cell Imaging and Quantitative Analysis of Embryonic Epithelial Cells - Joshi & Davidson [http://www.jove.com/video/1949/live-cell-imaging-quantitative-analysis-embryonic-epithelial-cells]
**Preparation and Fractionation of Xenopus laevis Egg Extracts - Cross & Powers [http://www.jove.com/video/891/preparation-and-fractionation-of-xenopus-laevis-egg-extracts]
**In Vitro Nuclear Assembly Using Fractionated Xenopus Egg Extracts - Cross & Powers [http://www.jove.com/video/908/in-vitro-nuclear-assembly-using-fractionated-xenopus-egg-extracts]
**Study of the DNA Damage Checkpoint using Xenopus Egg Extracts - Willis et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/4449/study-of-the-dna-damage-checkpoint-using-xenopus-egg-extracts]
**Two Types of Assays for Detecting Frog Sperm Chemoattraction - Burnett et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/3407/two-types-of-assays-for-detecting-frog-sperm-chemoattraction]
**Comparative in vivo Study of gp96 Adjuvanticity in X. laevis - Nedelkovska et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/2026/comparative-vivo-study-gp96-adjuvanticity-frog-xenopus]
**Patch Clamp and Perfusion Techniques - Yang et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/2269/patch-clamp-perfusion-techniques-for-studying-ion-channels-expressed]
**Patch Clamp Recording of Ion Channels - Brown et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/936/patch-clamp-recording-of-ion-channels-expressed-in-xenopus-oocytes]
**Cation Transport in Xenopus Oocytes - Dürr et al.[http://www.jove.com/video/50201/measuring-cation-transport-nak-hk-atpase-xenopus-oocytes-atomic]
 
 
=== '''External links to Cold Spring Harbor Xenopus Protocols''' [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/search?fulltext=Xenopus&submit=yes&x=18&y=12&tocsectionid=protocol&tocsectionid=recipe&tocsectionid=topic+introduction&tocsectionid=emerging+model+organisms&tocsectionid=product+protocol&tocsectionid=kit&tocsectionid=information+panel] - subscription required, select articles listed ===
**Housing and Feeding of Xenopus laevis - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/5/pdb.top8.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Inducing Ovulation in Xenopus laevis - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/5/pdb.prot4734.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Xenopus laevis In Vitro Fertilization and Natural Mating Methods - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/5/pdb.prot4737.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Egg Collection and In Vitro Fertilization of the Western Clawed Frog Xenopus tropicalis - Showell & Conlon [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2009/9/pdb.prot5293.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Isolation of Xenopus Oocytes - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/12/pdb.prot5534.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Isolating Xenopus laevis Testes - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/5/pdb.prot4735.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Dejellying Xenopus laevis Embryos  - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/5/pdb.prot4731.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Removing the Vitelline Membrane from Xenopus laevis Embryos - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/5/pdb.prot4732.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Microinjection of Xenopus Embryos - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/12/pdb.ip81.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Defolliculation of Xenopus Oocytes - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/12/pdb.prot5535.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Microinjection of Xenopus Oocytes - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/12/pdb.prot5536.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Animal Cap Isolation from Xenopus laevis - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/6/pdb.prot4744.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Xenopus laevis Keller Explants - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/6/pdb.prot4749.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Microinjection of RNA and Preparation of Secreted Proteins from Xenopus Oocytes - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/12/pdb.prot5538.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Calibration of the Injection Volume for Microinjection of Xenopus Oocytes and Embryos - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/12/pdb.prot5537.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Isolation of DNA from Red Blood Cells in Xenopus - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2012/1/pdb.prot067462.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Investigating Morphogenesis in Xenopus Embryos: Imaging Strategies, Processing, and Analysis - Kim & Davidson [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2013/4/pdb.top073890.abstract?sid=47d75b27-9727-4811-8a78-0330a022b90f]
**Low-Magnification Live Imaging of Xenopus Embryos for Cell and Developmental Biology - Wallingford [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/5/pdb.prot5425.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**High-Magnification In Vivo Imaging of Xenopus Embryos for Cell and Developmental Biology - Keiserman et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/5/pdb.prot5427.abstract?sid=3a8d778b-0e2c-4925-bb88-c7ade32e7bff]
**Preparation of Fixed Xenopus Embryos for Confocal Imaging - Wallingford [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/5/pdb.prot5426.abstract?sid=3a8d778b-0e2c-4925-bb88-c7ade32e7bff]
**Whole-Mount Fluorescence Immunocytochemistry on Xenopus Embryos - Lee et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2008/2/pdb.prot4957.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Generation of Transgenic Xenopus laevis - Kroll & Amaya - [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/9/pdb.prot4838.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae] [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/9/pdb.prot4839.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae] [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/9/pdb.prot4840.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**In Vivo Time-Lapse Imaging of Neuronal Development in Xenopus - Ruthazer et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2013/9/pdb.top077156.abstract?sid=47d75b27-9727-4811-8a78-0330a022b90f]
**Photoconversion for Tracking the Dynamics of Cell Movement in Xenopus laevis Embryos - Chernet et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2012/6/pdb.prot068502.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Single-Cell Electroporation in Xenopus - Liu & Haas [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2011/9/pdb.top065607.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Imaging Axon Pathfinding in Xenopus In Vivo - Leung & Holt [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2012/9/pdb.prot070003.abstract?sid=47d75b27-9727-4811-8a78-0330a022b90f]
**A Versatile Protocol for mRNA Electroporation of Xenopus laevis Embryos - Chernet & Levin [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2012/4/pdb.prot067694.abstract?sid=47d75b27-9727-4811-8a78-0330a022b90f]

Latest revision as of 06:00, 10 February 2010

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