Protocols: Difference between revisions

From XenWiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search
imported>Virgilio
No edit summary
imported>Xenbase
No edit summary
(5 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 25: Line 25:




== '''''Xenopus Protocol Articles''''' ==
== '''''Online Xenopus Resources''''' ==
*'''Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis of Xenopus embryos.''', Methods Mol Biol. 2012;917:279-92. [http://www.xenbase.org/literature/article.do?method=display&articleId=45851] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22956095]
 
**Akkers RC, Jacobi UG, Veenstra GJ.
=== '''External links to the Journal of Visualized Experiments (JOVE) - Xenopus embryo''' [http://www.jove.com/keyword/xenopus+embryo] - excellent video demonstrations ===
*'''Chromatin immunoprecipitation in early Xenopus laevis embryos.''', Dev Dyn. 2009 Jun;238(6):1422-32. [http://www.xenbase.org/literature/article.do?method=display&articleId=39423] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19334278]
**Obtaining Eggs from Xenopus laevis Females - Cross & Powers [http://www.jove.com/video/890/obtaining-eggs-from-xenopus-laevis-females]
**Blythe SA, Reid CD, Kessler DS, Klein PS.
**Microinjection of Xenopus Laevis Oocytes - Cohen et al. - [http://www.jove.com/video/1106/microinjection-of-xenopus-laevis-oocytes]
**Fertilization of Xenopus oocytes, Host Transfer Method - Schneider et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/1864/fertilization-of-xenopus-oocytes-using-the-host-transfer-method]
**Tissue Determination Using Animal Cap Transplant (ACT) Assay in X. laevis - Viczian & Zuber [http://www.jove.com/video/1932/tissue-determination-using-animal-cap-transplant-act-assay-xenopus]
**Blastomere Explants to Test for Cell Fate Commitment - Grant et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/4458/blastomere-explants-to-test-for-cell-fate-commitment-during-embryonic]
**Transgenic Xenopus laevis by Restriction Enzyme Mediated Integration and Nuclear Transplantation - Amaya & Kroll [http://www.jove.com/video/2010/production-transgenic-xenopus-laevis-restriction-enzyme-mediated]
**Organizer and Animal Pole Explants from X. laevis Embryos and Cell Adhesion Assay - Ogata & Cho [http://www.jove.com/video/187/dissection-organizer-animal-pole-explants-from-xenopus-laevis-embryos]
**Plastic Embedding and Sectioning of X. laevis Embryos - Ogata1 et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/188/plastic-embedding-and-sectioning-of-xenopus-laevis-embryos]
**Visualizing RNA Localization in Xenopus Oocytes - Gagnon & Mowry [http://www.jove.com/video/1704/visualizing-rna-localization-in-xenopus-oocytes]
**Neural Explant Cultures from Xenopus laevis - Lowery et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/4232/neural-explant-cultures-from-xenopus-laevis]
**Translocation of Fluorescent Proteins in Xenopus Ectoderm in Response to Wnt Signaling - Itoh & Sokol [http://www.jove.com/video/2700/polarized-translocation-fluorescent-proteins-xenopus-ectoderm]
**Dissection, Culture, and Analysis of X. laevis Embryonic Retinal Tissue - McDonough et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/4377/dissection-culture-analysis-xenopus-laevis-embryonic-retinal]
**X. tropicalis Egg Extracts to Identify Microtubule-associated RNAs - Sharp & Blower [http://www.jove.com/video/50434/production-xenopus-tropicalis-egg-extracts-to-identify-microtubule]
**Electroporation of Craniofacial Mesenchyme - Tabler & Liu [http://www.jove.com/video/3381/electroporation-of-craniofacial-mesenchyme]
**Electrophysiological Recording from Xenopus Nerve-muscle Co-cultures - Yazejian et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/50253/simultaneous-pre-post-synaptic-electrophysiological-recording-from]
**Single Cell Electroporation in vivo within the Intact Developing Brain - Hewapathirane & Haas - [http://www.jove.com/video/705/single-cell-electroporation-in-vivo-within-the-intact-developing-brain]
**Live-cell Imaging and Quantitative Analysis of Embryonic Epithelial Cells - Joshi & Davidson [http://www.jove.com/video/1949/live-cell-imaging-quantitative-analysis-embryonic-epithelial-cells]
**Preparation and Fractionation of Xenopus laevis Egg Extracts - Cross & Powers [http://www.jove.com/video/891/preparation-and-fractionation-of-xenopus-laevis-egg-extracts]
**In Vitro Nuclear Assembly Using Fractionated Xenopus Egg Extracts - Cross & Powers [http://www.jove.com/video/908/in-vitro-nuclear-assembly-using-fractionated-xenopus-egg-extracts]
**Study of the DNA Damage Checkpoint using Xenopus Egg Extracts - Willis et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/4449/study-of-the-dna-damage-checkpoint-using-xenopus-egg-extracts]
**Two Types of Assays for Detecting Frog Sperm Chemoattraction - Burnett et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/3407/two-types-of-assays-for-detecting-frog-sperm-chemoattraction]
**Comparative in vivo Study of gp96 Adjuvanticity in X. laevis - Nedelkovska et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/2026/comparative-vivo-study-gp96-adjuvanticity-frog-xenopus]
**Patch Clamp and Perfusion Techniques - Yang et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/2269/patch-clamp-perfusion-techniques-for-studying-ion-channels-expressed]
**Patch Clamp Recording of Ion Channels - Brown et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/936/patch-clamp-recording-of-ion-channels-expressed-in-xenopus-oocytes]
**Cation Transport in Xenopus Oocytes - Dürr et al.[http://www.jove.com/video/50201/measuring-cation-transport-nak-hk-atpase-xenopus-oocytes-atomic]
**Stem cell-like Xenopus Embryonic Explants to Study Early Neural Developmental Features In Vitro and In Vivo - BC.Durand [https://www.jove.com/video/53474/stem-cell-like-xenopus-embryonic-explants-to-study-early-neural]
 
 
=== '''External links to Cold Spring Harbor Xenopus Protocols''' [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/search?fulltext=Xenopus&submit=yes&x=18&y=12&tocsectionid=protocol&tocsectionid=recipe&tocsectionid=topic+introduction&tocsectionid=emerging+model+organisms&tocsectionid=product+protocol&tocsectionid=kit&tocsectionid=information+panel] - subscription required, select articles listed ===
**Housing and Feeding of Xenopus laevis - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/5/pdb.top8.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Inducing Ovulation in Xenopus laevis - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/5/pdb.prot4734.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Xenopus laevis In Vitro Fertilization and Natural Mating Methods - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/5/pdb.prot4737.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Egg Collection and In Vitro Fertilization of the Western Clawed Frog Xenopus tropicalis - Showell & Conlon [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2009/9/pdb.prot5293.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Isolation of Xenopus Oocytes - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/12/pdb.prot5534.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Isolating Xenopus laevis Testes - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/5/pdb.prot4735.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Dejellying Xenopus laevis Embryos  - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/5/pdb.prot4731.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Removing the Vitelline Membrane from Xenopus laevis Embryos - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/5/pdb.prot4732.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Microinjection of Xenopus Embryos - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/12/pdb.ip81.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Defolliculation of Xenopus Oocytes - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/12/pdb.prot5535.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Microinjection of Xenopus Oocytes - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/12/pdb.prot5536.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Animal Cap Isolation from Xenopus laevis - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/6/pdb.prot4744.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Xenopus laevis Keller Explants - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/6/pdb.prot4749.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Microinjection of RNA and Preparation of Secreted Proteins from Xenopus Oocytes - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/12/pdb.prot5538.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Calibration of the Injection Volume for Microinjection of Xenopus Oocytes and Embryos - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/12/pdb.prot5537.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Isolation of DNA from Red Blood Cells in Xenopus - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2012/1/pdb.prot067462.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Investigating Morphogenesis in Xenopus Embryos: Imaging Strategies, Processing, and Analysis - Kim & Davidson [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2013/4/pdb.top073890.abstract?sid=47d75b27-9727-4811-8a78-0330a022b90f]
**Low-Magnification Live Imaging of Xenopus Embryos for Cell and Developmental Biology - Wallingford [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/5/pdb.prot5425.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**High-Magnification In Vivo Imaging of Xenopus Embryos for Cell and Developmental Biology - Keiserman et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/5/pdb.prot5427.abstract?sid=3a8d778b-0e2c-4925-bb88-c7ade32e7bff]
**Preparation of Fixed Xenopus Embryos for Confocal Imaging - Wallingford [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/5/pdb.prot5426.abstract?sid=3a8d778b-0e2c-4925-bb88-c7ade32e7bff]
**Whole-Mount Fluorescence Immunocytochemistry on Xenopus Embryos - Lee et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2008/2/pdb.prot4957.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Generation of Transgenic Xenopus laevis - Kroll & Amaya - [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/9/pdb.prot4838.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae] [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/9/pdb.prot4839.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae] [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/9/pdb.prot4840.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**In Vivo Time-Lapse Imaging of Neuronal Development in Xenopus - Ruthazer et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2013/9/pdb.top077156.abstract?sid=47d75b27-9727-4811-8a78-0330a022b90f]
**Photoconversion for Tracking the Dynamics of Cell Movement in Xenopus laevis Embryos - Chernet et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2012/6/pdb.prot068502.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Single-Cell Electroporation in Xenopus - Liu & Haas [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2011/9/pdb.top065607.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Imaging Axon Pathfinding in Xenopus In Vivo - Leung & Holt [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2012/9/pdb.prot070003.abstract?sid=47d75b27-9727-4811-8a78-0330a022b90f]
**A Versatile Protocol for mRNA Electroporation of Xenopus laevis Embryos - Chernet & Levin [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2012/4/pdb.prot067694.abstract?sid=47d75b27-9727-4811-8a78-0330a022b90f]




== '''''Select Protocol Sections''''' ==
== '''''General Research Protocols''''' ==


=== '''''Animal Husbandry''''' ===
=== '''''Animal Husbandry''''' ===
Line 40: Line 94:




=== '''''[[Lab Solutions and Reagents]]''''' (click each to view expanded list) ===
=== '''''[[Lab Solutions and Reagents]]''''' (click each to view expanded content) ===
*[[culture media]]
*[[culture media]]
*[[immunohistochemistry]]
*[[immunohistochemistry]]
Line 69: Line 123:




=== '''''In Situ Hybridization''''' ===
=== '''''in situ Hybridization''''' ===
*[[in situ hybridization, brief version (Harland lab)]]
*[[in situ hybridization, brief version (Harland lab)]]
*[[whole-mount in situ hybridization (Conlon lab)]]
*[[whole-mount in situ hybridization (Conlon lab)]]
**[[in situ checklist (Conlon lab)]]
**[[in situ checklist (Conlon lab)]]
*[[whole-mount in situ hybridization - LNA probes (Wheeler lab)]]
*[[fluorescent in-situs and FCIS (Vize lab)]]
*[[fluorescent in-situs and FCIS (Vize lab)]]
**[[Wholemount embryo FISH / Double FISH]]
**[[Wholemount embryo FISH / Double FISH]]
Line 78: Line 133:
**[[Cy3 Tyramide Synthesis]]
**[[Cy3 Tyramide Synthesis]]
**[[FCIS]]
**[[FCIS]]
*[[RNA Whole-Mount In situ Hybridisation Proximity Ligation Assay (rISH-PLA) (Myers and Scarlett labs)]]




=== '''''Immunohisochemistry''''' ===
=== '''''Immunohistochemistry''''' ===
*[[wholemount antibody staining (CSH Protocols) (Wallingford lab)]]
*[[wholemount antibody staining (CSH Protocols) (Wallingford lab)]]
*[[wholemount antibody staining - alkaline phosphatase detection (Conlon lab)]]
*[[wholemount antibody staining - alkaline phosphatase detection (Conlon lab)]]
Line 86: Line 142:
*[[immunostaining sectioned embryos (Conlon lab)]]
*[[immunostaining sectioned embryos (Conlon lab)]]
*[[hydrochloric acid antigen retrieval (Zorn lab)]]
*[[hydrochloric acid antigen retrieval (Zorn lab)]]
*[[RNA Whole-Mount In situ Hybridisation Proximity Ligation Assay (rISH-PLA) (Myers and Scarlett labs)]]
=== '''''ChIP protocols''''' ===
*'''Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis of Xenopus embryos.''', Methods Mol Biol. 2012;917:279-92. [http://www.xenbase.org/literature/article.do?method=display&articleId=45851] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22956095]
**Akkers RC, Jacobi UG, Veenstra GJ.
*'''Chromatin immunoprecipitation in early Xenopus laevis embryos.''', Dev Dyn. 2009 Jun;238(6):1422-32. [http://www.xenbase.org/literature/article.do?method=display&articleId=39423] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19334278]
**Blythe SA, Reid CD, Kessler DS, Klein PS.




Line 92: Line 156:




=== '''''Other Embryo Staining Protocols''''' ===
=== '''''Embryo Staining Protocols (non in situ)''''' ===
*[[benzidine-peroxidase staining for blood (Conlon lab)]]
*[[benzidine-peroxidase staining for blood (Conlon lab)]]
*[[benzidine-peroxidase staining for blood (Thomsen lab)]]
*[[benzidine-peroxidase staining for blood (Thomsen lab)]]
Line 99: Line 163:




=== '''''Other Immuno Protocols and Protein Protocols''''' ===
=== '''''Immuno and Protein Protocols''''' ===
*[[immunoprecipitation (Stukenberg lab)]]
*[[immunoprecipitation (Stukenberg lab)]]
*[[immunofluorescence with biotinylated antibodies (Stukenberg lab)]]
*[[immunofluorescence with biotinylated antibodies (Stukenberg lab)]]
Line 143: Line 207:
*[[isolation of mitotic chromosomes from XTC cells (Stukenberg lab)]]
*[[isolation of mitotic chromosomes from XTC cells (Stukenberg lab)]]
*[[in-vitro kinetochore-microtubule binding assays (Stukenberg lab)]]
*[[in-vitro kinetochore-microtubule binding assays (Stukenberg lab)]]
== '''''Online Xenopus Resources''''' ==
=== '''External links to the Journal of Visualized Experiments (JOVE) - Xenopus embryo''' [http://www.jove.com/keyword/xenopus+embryo] - excellent video demonstrations ===
**Obtaining Eggs from Xenopus laevis Females - Cross & Powers [http://www.jove.com/video/890/obtaining-eggs-from-xenopus-laevis-females]
**Microinjection of Xenopus Laevis Oocytes - Cohen et al. - [http://www.jove.com/video/1106/microinjection-of-xenopus-laevis-oocytes]
**Fertilization of Xenopus oocytes, Host Transfer Method - Schneider et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/1864/fertilization-of-xenopus-oocytes-using-the-host-transfer-method]
**Tissue Determination Using Animal Cap Transplant (ACT) Assay in X. laevis - Viczian & Zuber [http://www.jove.com/video/1932/tissue-determination-using-animal-cap-transplant-act-assay-xenopus]
**Blastomere Explants to Test for Cell Fate Commitment - Grant et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/4458/blastomere-explants-to-test-for-cell-fate-commitment-during-embryonic]
**Transgenic Xenopus laevis by Restriction Enzyme Mediated Integration and Nuclear Transplantation - Amaya & Kroll [http://www.jove.com/video/2010/production-transgenic-xenopus-laevis-restriction-enzyme-mediated]
**Organizer and Animal Pole Explants from X. laevis Embryos and Cell Adhesion Assay - Ogata & Cho [http://www.jove.com/video/187/dissection-organizer-animal-pole-explants-from-xenopus-laevis-embryos]
**Plastic Embedding and Sectioning of X. laevis Embryos - Ogata1 et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/188/plastic-embedding-and-sectioning-of-xenopus-laevis-embryos]
**Visualizing RNA Localization in Xenopus Oocytes - Gagnon & Mowry [http://www.jove.com/video/1704/visualizing-rna-localization-in-xenopus-oocytes]
**Neural Explant Cultures from Xenopus laevis - Lowery et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/4232/neural-explant-cultures-from-xenopus-laevis]
**Translocation of Fluorescent Proteins in Xenopus Ectoderm in Response to Wnt Signaling - Itoh & Sokol [http://www.jove.com/video/2700/polarized-translocation-fluorescent-proteins-xenopus-ectoderm]
**Dissection, Culture, and Analysis of X. laevis Embryonic Retinal Tissue - McDonough et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/4377/dissection-culture-analysis-xenopus-laevis-embryonic-retinal]
**X. tropicalis Egg Extracts to Identify Microtubule-associated RNAs - Sharp & Blower [http://www.jove.com/video/50434/production-xenopus-tropicalis-egg-extracts-to-identify-microtubule]
**Electroporation of Craniofacial Mesenchyme - Tabler & Liu [http://www.jove.com/video/3381/electroporation-of-craniofacial-mesenchyme]
**Electrophysiological Recording from Xenopus Nerve-muscle Co-cultures - Yazejian et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/50253/simultaneous-pre-post-synaptic-electrophysiological-recording-from]
**Single Cell Electroporation in vivo within the Intact Developing Brain - Hewapathirane & Haas - [http://www.jove.com/video/705/single-cell-electroporation-in-vivo-within-the-intact-developing-brain]
**Live-cell Imaging and Quantitative Analysis of Embryonic Epithelial Cells - Joshi & Davidson [http://www.jove.com/video/1949/live-cell-imaging-quantitative-analysis-embryonic-epithelial-cells]
**Preparation and Fractionation of Xenopus laevis Egg Extracts - Cross & Powers [http://www.jove.com/video/891/preparation-and-fractionation-of-xenopus-laevis-egg-extracts]
**In Vitro Nuclear Assembly Using Fractionated Xenopus Egg Extracts - Cross & Powers [http://www.jove.com/video/908/in-vitro-nuclear-assembly-using-fractionated-xenopus-egg-extracts]
**Study of the DNA Damage Checkpoint using Xenopus Egg Extracts - Willis et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/4449/study-of-the-dna-damage-checkpoint-using-xenopus-egg-extracts]
**Two Types of Assays for Detecting Frog Sperm Chemoattraction - Burnett et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/3407/two-types-of-assays-for-detecting-frog-sperm-chemoattraction]
**Comparative in vivo Study of gp96 Adjuvanticity in X. laevis - Nedelkovska et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/2026/comparative-vivo-study-gp96-adjuvanticity-frog-xenopus]
**Patch Clamp and Perfusion Techniques - Yang et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/2269/patch-clamp-perfusion-techniques-for-studying-ion-channels-expressed]
**Patch Clamp Recording of Ion Channels - Brown et al. [http://www.jove.com/video/936/patch-clamp-recording-of-ion-channels-expressed-in-xenopus-oocytes]
**Cation Transport in Xenopus Oocytes - Dürr et al.[http://www.jove.com/video/50201/measuring-cation-transport-nak-hk-atpase-xenopus-oocytes-atomic]
=== '''External links to Cold Spring Harbor Xenopus Protocols''' [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/search?fulltext=Xenopus&submit=yes&x=18&y=12&tocsectionid=protocol&tocsectionid=recipe&tocsectionid=topic+introduction&tocsectionid=emerging+model+organisms&tocsectionid=product+protocol&tocsectionid=kit&tocsectionid=information+panel] - subscription required, select articles listed ===
**Housing and Feeding of Xenopus laevis - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/5/pdb.top8.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Inducing Ovulation in Xenopus laevis - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/5/pdb.prot4734.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Xenopus laevis In Vitro Fertilization and Natural Mating Methods - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/5/pdb.prot4737.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Egg Collection and In Vitro Fertilization of the Western Clawed Frog Xenopus tropicalis - Showell & Conlon [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2009/9/pdb.prot5293.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Isolation of Xenopus Oocytes - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/12/pdb.prot5534.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Isolating Xenopus laevis Testes - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/5/pdb.prot4735.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Dejellying Xenopus laevis Embryos  - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/5/pdb.prot4731.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Removing the Vitelline Membrane from Xenopus laevis Embryos - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/5/pdb.prot4732.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Microinjection of Xenopus Embryos - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/12/pdb.ip81.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Defolliculation of Xenopus Oocytes - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/12/pdb.prot5535.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Microinjection of Xenopus Oocytes - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/12/pdb.prot5536.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Animal Cap Isolation from Xenopus laevis - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/6/pdb.prot4744.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Xenopus laevis Keller Explants - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/6/pdb.prot4749.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Microinjection of RNA and Preparation of Secreted Proteins from Xenopus Oocytes - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/12/pdb.prot5538.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Calibration of the Injection Volume for Microinjection of Xenopus Oocytes and Embryos - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/12/pdb.prot5537.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Isolation of DNA from Red Blood Cells in Xenopus - Sive et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2012/1/pdb.prot067462.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Investigating Morphogenesis in Xenopus Embryos: Imaging Strategies, Processing, and Analysis - Kim & Davidson [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2013/4/pdb.top073890.abstract?sid=47d75b27-9727-4811-8a78-0330a022b90f]
**Low-Magnification Live Imaging of Xenopus Embryos for Cell and Developmental Biology - Wallingford [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/5/pdb.prot5425.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**High-Magnification In Vivo Imaging of Xenopus Embryos for Cell and Developmental Biology - Keiserman et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/5/pdb.prot5427.abstract?sid=3a8d778b-0e2c-4925-bb88-c7ade32e7bff]
**Preparation of Fixed Xenopus Embryos for Confocal Imaging - Wallingford [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2010/5/pdb.prot5426.abstract?sid=3a8d778b-0e2c-4925-bb88-c7ade32e7bff]
**Whole-Mount Fluorescence Immunocytochemistry on Xenopus Embryos - Lee et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2008/2/pdb.prot4957.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Generation of Transgenic Xenopus laevis - Kroll & Amaya - [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/9/pdb.prot4838.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae] [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/9/pdb.prot4839.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae] [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2007/9/pdb.prot4840.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**In Vivo Time-Lapse Imaging of Neuronal Development in Xenopus - Ruthazer et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2013/9/pdb.top077156.abstract?sid=47d75b27-9727-4811-8a78-0330a022b90f]
**Photoconversion for Tracking the Dynamics of Cell Movement in Xenopus laevis Embryos - Chernet et al. [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2012/6/pdb.prot068502.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Single-Cell Electroporation in Xenopus - Liu & Haas [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2011/9/pdb.top065607.abstract?sid=009b88bf-7bfb-4279-9528-70643a25bbae]
**Imaging Axon Pathfinding in Xenopus In Vivo - Leung & Holt [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2012/9/pdb.prot070003.abstract?sid=47d75b27-9727-4811-8a78-0330a022b90f]
**A Versatile Protocol for mRNA Electroporation of Xenopus laevis Embryos - Chernet & Levin [http://cshprotocols.cshlp.org/content/2012/4/pdb.prot067694.abstract?sid=47d75b27-9727-4811-8a78-0330a022b90f]

Revision as of 09:42, 3 May 2017


Books for Xenopus Research and Protocols

  • Normal Table of Xenopus Laevis (Daudin), Nieuwkoop and Faber (Third edition), 1994 [1]
    • a systematic and chronological description of Xenopus laevis development
  • Early Development of Xenopus laevis: A Laboratory Manual, Sive, Grainger, and Harland, 2000 [2]
    • comprehensive collection of protocols for the study of early development in Xenopus embryos
  • The Laboratory Xenopus sp., Green, 2010 [3]
    • a highly detailed manual containing Xenopus husbandry, management, veterinary care, and frog and equipment vendor information
  • Xenopus Protocols: Cell Biology and Signal Transduction, Liu (First edition), 2006 [4]
    • step-by-step laboratory instructions, an introduction outlining the principles behind the technique, lists of the necessary equipment and reagents
  • Xenopus Protocols: Post-Genomic Approaches. , Hoppler and Vize [5]
    • expanded second edition with novel approaches inspired by X. tropicalis genome sequencing
  • Xenopus laevis: Practical Uses in Cell and Molecular Biology, Volume 36, Kay and Peng, 1991 [6]
    • detailed description of a wide range of uses for Xenopus laevis oocytes and embryos in cell and molecular biology
  • Transgenic Xenopus: Microinjection Methods and Developmental Neurobiology, Seidman and Soreq, 1997 [7]
    • referenced guide to the use of microinjected embryos studying the role and regulation of nervous system proteins during development
  • Atlas of Xenopus Development, Bernardini, Prati, Bonetti, and Scari, 1999 [8]
    • scanning, transmission, and light microscopy images of Xenopus embryonic development
  • The early development of Xenopus laevis. An atlas of the histology, Hausen and Riebesell, 1991 [9]
    • detailed histological sections of Xenopus embryonic development
  • Color Atlas of Xenopus laevis Histology, Wiechmann and Wirsig-Wiechmann, 2003 [10]
    • central source on the microscopic anatomy of cells, tissues, and major organs of Xenopus laevis


Online Xenopus Resources

External links to the Journal of Visualized Experiments (JOVE) - Xenopus embryo [11] - excellent video demonstrations

    • Obtaining Eggs from Xenopus laevis Females - Cross & Powers [12]
    • Microinjection of Xenopus Laevis Oocytes - Cohen et al. - [13]
    • Fertilization of Xenopus oocytes, Host Transfer Method - Schneider et al. [14]
    • Tissue Determination Using Animal Cap Transplant (ACT) Assay in X. laevis - Viczian & Zuber [15]
    • Blastomere Explants to Test for Cell Fate Commitment - Grant et al. [16]
    • Transgenic Xenopus laevis by Restriction Enzyme Mediated Integration and Nuclear Transplantation - Amaya & Kroll [17]
    • Organizer and Animal Pole Explants from X. laevis Embryos and Cell Adhesion Assay - Ogata & Cho [18]
    • Plastic Embedding and Sectioning of X. laevis Embryos - Ogata1 et al. [19]
    • Visualizing RNA Localization in Xenopus Oocytes - Gagnon & Mowry [20]
    • Neural Explant Cultures from Xenopus laevis - Lowery et al. [21]
    • Translocation of Fluorescent Proteins in Xenopus Ectoderm in Response to Wnt Signaling - Itoh & Sokol [22]
    • Dissection, Culture, and Analysis of X. laevis Embryonic Retinal Tissue - McDonough et al. [23]
    • X. tropicalis Egg Extracts to Identify Microtubule-associated RNAs - Sharp & Blower [24]
    • Electroporation of Craniofacial Mesenchyme - Tabler & Liu [25]
    • Electrophysiological Recording from Xenopus Nerve-muscle Co-cultures - Yazejian et al. [26]
    • Single Cell Electroporation in vivo within the Intact Developing Brain - Hewapathirane & Haas - [27]
    • Live-cell Imaging and Quantitative Analysis of Embryonic Epithelial Cells - Joshi & Davidson [28]
    • Preparation and Fractionation of Xenopus laevis Egg Extracts - Cross & Powers [29]
    • In Vitro Nuclear Assembly Using Fractionated Xenopus Egg Extracts - Cross & Powers [30]
    • Study of the DNA Damage Checkpoint using Xenopus Egg Extracts - Willis et al. [31]
    • Two Types of Assays for Detecting Frog Sperm Chemoattraction - Burnett et al. [32]
    • Comparative in vivo Study of gp96 Adjuvanticity in X. laevis - Nedelkovska et al. [33]
    • Patch Clamp and Perfusion Techniques - Yang et al. [34]
    • Patch Clamp Recording of Ion Channels - Brown et al. [35]
    • Cation Transport in Xenopus Oocytes - Dürr et al.[36]
    • Stem cell-like Xenopus Embryonic Explants to Study Early Neural Developmental Features In Vitro and In Vivo - BC.Durand [37]


External links to Cold Spring Harbor Xenopus Protocols [38] - subscription required, select articles listed

    • Housing and Feeding of Xenopus laevis - Sive et al. [39]
    • Inducing Ovulation in Xenopus laevis - Sive et al. [40]
    • Xenopus laevis In Vitro Fertilization and Natural Mating Methods - Sive et al. [41]
    • Egg Collection and In Vitro Fertilization of the Western Clawed Frog Xenopus tropicalis - Showell & Conlon [42]
    • Isolation of Xenopus Oocytes - Sive et al. [43]
    • Isolating Xenopus laevis Testes - Sive et al. [44]
    • Dejellying Xenopus laevis Embryos - Sive et al. [45]
    • Removing the Vitelline Membrane from Xenopus laevis Embryos - Sive et al. [46]
    • Microinjection of Xenopus Embryos - Sive et al. [47]
    • Defolliculation of Xenopus Oocytes - Sive et al. [48]
    • Microinjection of Xenopus Oocytes - Sive et al. [49]
    • Animal Cap Isolation from Xenopus laevis - Sive et al. [50]
    • Xenopus laevis Keller Explants - Sive et al. [51]
    • Microinjection of RNA and Preparation of Secreted Proteins from Xenopus Oocytes - Sive et al. [52]
    • Calibration of the Injection Volume for Microinjection of Xenopus Oocytes and Embryos - Sive et al. [53]
    • Isolation of DNA from Red Blood Cells in Xenopus - Sive et al. [54]
    • Investigating Morphogenesis in Xenopus Embryos: Imaging Strategies, Processing, and Analysis - Kim & Davidson [55]
    • Low-Magnification Live Imaging of Xenopus Embryos for Cell and Developmental Biology - Wallingford [56]
    • High-Magnification In Vivo Imaging of Xenopus Embryos for Cell and Developmental Biology - Keiserman et al. [57]
    • Preparation of Fixed Xenopus Embryos for Confocal Imaging - Wallingford [58]
    • Whole-Mount Fluorescence Immunocytochemistry on Xenopus Embryos - Lee et al. [59]
    • Generation of Transgenic Xenopus laevis - Kroll & Amaya - [60] [61] [62]
    • In Vivo Time-Lapse Imaging of Neuronal Development in Xenopus - Ruthazer et al. [63]
    • Photoconversion for Tracking the Dynamics of Cell Movement in Xenopus laevis Embryos - Chernet et al. [64]
    • Single-Cell Electroporation in Xenopus - Liu & Haas [65]
    • Imaging Axon Pathfinding in Xenopus In Vivo - Leung & Holt [66]
    • A Versatile Protocol for mRNA Electroporation of Xenopus laevis Embryos - Chernet & Levin [67]


General Research Protocols

Animal Husbandry


Lab Solutions and Reagents (click each to view expanded content)


Generating Embryos


Transgenesis


in situ Hybridization


Immunohistochemistry


ChIP protocols

  • Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis of Xenopus embryos., Methods Mol Biol. 2012;917:279-92. [74] [75]
    • Akkers RC, Jacobi UG, Veenstra GJ.
  • Chromatin immunoprecipitation in early Xenopus laevis embryos., Dev Dyn. 2009 Jun;238(6):1422-32. [76] [77]
    • Blythe SA, Reid CD, Kessler DS, Klein PS.


Histology


Embryo Staining Protocols (non in situ)


Immuno and Protein Protocols


Nucleic Acid Protocols


Oocyte Transfer Technique (Heasman/Wylie labs)


Xenopus Oocyte and Egg Extracts


Xenopus Tissue Culture