XB-FEAT-29082698

aox3

This is the community wiki page for the gene aox3, please feel free to add any information that is relevant to this gene that is not already captured elsewhere in Xenbase.

nomenclature updates

15JULY2025

Xenopus gene names updated from LOC100495429, aldehyde oxidase 1 to aox3, aldehyde oxidase 3 to following DIOPT and orthology analysis.

Note that there are 3x aox genes in tandem repeat in X.tropicalis and there are 4x AOX genes in human and mouse with the human version apseudogene,AOX3P, so we can name ours aox1, aox2,and aox3 too, no need of .2 or .3.

Xtr.aox1: 100379890 Xtr.aox2: 100493336 Xtr aox3: 100495429

14MAY2026

After further analysis of phylogenetic relationship of these genes/protein by NCBI and Xenbase, and considering synteny, we have reordered the convention applied to these genes.

Xenopus aox3 has changed to aox1, and Xenopus aox1 has been renamed aox3.

The X.laevis aox1.S (GeneID: 444490) gene has kept its gene name and has been moved to XB-GENEPAGE-29082698 as it clusters with the former 'aox3/aox3.L' genes (so all three aox1/1L/1S genes are together on XB-GENEPAGE-29082698.

We note however that the Xenopus aox genes are really quite different from the other vertbrate AOX orthologs, and do not fall within neat clades together. Mammal AOX1, AOX2. AOX3 & AOX4 do fall in distinct pairs/clades with each other, but chick and fish AOX genes are closer to the mammalian genes than any/all of the frog genes. Synteny is however conserved, so selection may either have relaxed in frogs, and genes have significantly diverged, or something else is happening with these. It is not clear from my intial basic analysis (COBALT alignment, NJ phylogram and synteny map).

I looked at the following protein accessions:

XP_017953036.2 aldehyde oxidase 1 [Xenopus tropicalis]

NP_001086061.1 aldehyde oxidase 1 S homeolog precursor [Xenopus laevis]

XP_041432213.1 aldehyde oxidase 1 isoform X2 [Xenopus laevis]

XP_002937755.3 aldehyde oxidase 2 [Xenopus tropicalis]

NP_001265676.1 aldehyde oxidase [Xenopus tropicalis]

OCT63831.1 hypothetical protein XELAEV_18044928mg [Xenopus laevis]

NP_001150.3 aldehyde oxidase [Homo sapiens]

NP_033806.2 aldehyde oxidase 1 [Mus musculus]

NP_062236.3 aldehyde oxidase 1 [Rattus norvegicus]

NP_001265746.1 aldehyde oxidase 6 [Danio rerio]

XP_025007944.2 aldehyde oxidase isoform X1 [Gallus gallus]

NP_001008419.1 aldehyde oxidase 2 [Mus musculus]

NP_001008522.2 aldehyde oxidase 2 [Rattus norvegicus]

NP_001034690.1 aldehyde oxidase 2 [Gallus gallus]

NP_076106.2 aldehyde oxidase 3 [Mus musculus]

NP_001008527.2 aldehyde oxidase 3 [Rattus norvegicus]

NP_001008523.2 aldehyde oxidase 4 [Rattus norvegicus]

NP_076120.2 aldehyde oxidase 4 [Mus musculus]